Ovarian reserve and bmi between fertile and subfertile women

To compare the ovarian reserve and BMI in fertile and subfertile women aged 20-39 years by ultrasonography. A comparative study. The Ultrasound Clinic, PECHS, Karachi, from March to December 2006. Eighty women, 40 fertile and 40 subfertile, were subdivided into age groups of 20-29 and 30-39 years. Total ovarian volume [OV] was determined transabdominally [OV-TA] and tranvaginally [OV-TV], antral follicle count [AFC] was performed transvaginally; and BMI was calculated. Unpaired t-test and Pearson correlation tests were used for analysis. In the total and subfertile females, aged 20-29 years, OV-TA obtained was 10.47 +/- 3.81 ml vs. 7.0 +/- 2.67 [p=0.015], OV-TA was 12.55 +/- 4.53 ml vs. 8.36 +/- 2.36 ml [p=0.001]; AFC was 7.35 +/- 3.02 vs. 5.7 +/- 3.57 [p=0.027] and BMI was 23.4 +/- 3.9 vs. 26.5 +/- 4.7 [p=0.006]. In the older group of fertile and subfertile females, aged 30-39 years, OV-TA was 7.92 +/- 2.01 ml vs. 6.74 +/- 2.38 [p=0.097], OV-TA was 9.97 +/- 2.99 vs. 7.73 +/- 2.40 p=0.012], AFC was 5.30 +/- 2.05 vs. 3.05 +/- 2.46 [p=0.003], and BMI was 24.4 +/- 3.8 vs. 27.4 +/- 4.80 [p=0.034]. A significant negative correlation was present between ovarian volume and BMI in the older fertile women only [p=0.001 r=0.3] whereas no significant correlation was seen in the two parameters in any other group [r=0.1]. The ovarian reserve decreased with increasing age. The lack of ovarian reserve may lead to subfertility of early ovarian ageing. Ovarian volume showed decrease with an increase in the BMI, indicating the possible decrease in fertility with an increase in a woman's weight

Ovarian reserve and reproductive age

Ovarian reserve is an estimate of the primordial follicle pool in the ovaries and is indicative of the reproductive age of a woman. This estimate helps in assessing a woman's reproductive potential, in predicting her possible response in assisted conception, and in screening women for "early ovarian ageing" as a possible cause for subfertility. Over the years, several methods have been used for its determination. These include biochemical parameters such as estradiol, FSH/LH levels and ratio, inhibin-B and anti-mullerian hormone levels, sonographic measurement of ovarian volume, antral follicle count and follicular volume, dynamic tests of ovarian function, and ovarian biopsy. In this paper these methods are briefly described, and their advantages and disadvantantages are discussed with a view to finding accurate, available and easily reproducible methods for assessing ovarian reserve. This article is a review of several articles obtained from the Internet, www.pubmed.com, Pakistan scientific and technological information centre [PASTIC] and several authors via e-mail

Fetal biometry

Fetal biometry with the help of ultrasound scanning provides the most reliable and important information about the fetal growth and wellbeing. A wealth of important and relevant factors is gathered covering the fetal anatomy, physiology and fatal behavior. A good scanning ultrasound machine and an experienced hand are essential for obtaining maximum advantage. This review highlights the discipline, its significance, uses difficulties and limitations related to the study designs, cross-sectional and longitudinal, concerned. Various ultrasonic fetal biometric parameters and their significance, in accordance to assessment of gestational age have also been discussed. For this review, Medline search was done and the relevant full papers were retrieved. In addition, references from major ultrasound and embryology textbooks were also obtained

Ultrasonography in 19019 women with menstrual problems

Ultrasonography was performed in 1019 women with various menstrual problems. These included: 35 girls [3.43%] with primary amenorrhoea, 94 women [9.22%] with secondary amenorrhoea, 154 [15.11%] with hypo-and oligo-menorrhoea, 488 [47.89%] women with heavy periods, 25 [2.45%] with post-menopausal bleeding and the rest with other problems. The ultrasound findings of these patients are presented, and the role of ultrasound in menstrual disturbances is discussed